Assorted historical information
from combinedTable of Contents
research in 1994 History Leads and Resource
by Bob Hoff
Park Historian
I did these on an iirregular basis when I was Park Historian.
Hopefully the discovery of some of this information leads you to the discovery of other information
Note: Some article titles remain to be italicized and book titles to be underlined.
Note: All bats are from "how-to-draw-a-cartoon-bat-on-line" I wish these were my drawings. Cute, huh?
Bob Hoff
9/15/11
94.02 Page 7
2. Interview with Mr. Frank Hodnett of the
Cavern Supply Co.; His dad, "Yo-Yo" Hodnett worked for Cavern Supply
Co. and the National Park Service. Also,
his mother worked as a nurse for the National Park Service.
3. Mrs. Elizabeth Sullivan recounts her
visit to Carlsbad Caverns National Park in 1927, 1942, and 1993.
Page 8
4. April 13, 1969 memorandum form Park
Naturalist Neal R. Bullington to Park Guides.
5. Current-Argus, June 8, 1927, article entitled
New Company to Sell at Cavern.
6. Current-Argus, June 8, 1927, article
Children Under 16 Now See Cave Free contains an error about
children under age 5.
7. In May 1930, ticket office was
reorganized from one window to 5 windows.
8. Book Review: Bat Bomb:
WW II's Other Secret Weapon by Jack Couffer. This book describes the "accident"
at the Carlsbad Air Force Base.
9. Discussion - Superintendent Tom Boles
"Right vs. Wrong" or "More Appropriate vs. Less Appropriate, Due
to Changing Situations".
10. Discussion of "Guadalupe
Basketmakers".
11. Article - The Slaughter Canyon
(New) Cave Pictograph Site, Carlsbad Cavern National Park, New Mexico, by
Michael and Barbara Bilbo.
Page 10
12. Special thanks to...Lolita Himebaugh,
Suzy Caddell, and Bobby Crisman.
PAGES 11-19 --ATTACHMENTS FOR 94.02
94.03 Page 20
1. Recollection of former Summer Seasonal
Ranger 1947-1951.
2. Mrs. Jean Cramer of Danville, CA
remembers her visit to Carlsbad Cavern National Park 1930-1933.
3. Place name Notes: "Back Door" and "Rat
Hole".
4. Interview with former Chief Ranger
"Tex" Worley, 1943 - He recalls:
1. the use of 3 generators. 2.
Rock of Ages Ceremony. 3. Jim
White. 4. Guano Mining operations.
5. Problems with
wild burros. 6. Accidental dynamite
blast resulting in the death of Earl Rupe.7. 1944 high speed chase and shootout (one of the law enforcement officers was my wife's Dad--Cruz Fernandez--; he chased and brought his fleeing suspect back alive; his partnershot and killed the man that he chased.
8. His brother, T. Cecil Worley's experiences as a guide and power plant
operator for CCNP 1930-1933. 9. Supt Boles
method of dealing with procrastination. 10. White
City and the paper published there by the Beadle Publishing Co.
94.04 Page 26
1. March 18, 1994, Diane White (Supt's Assistant) presented a
speech on the Women's Suffrage, entitled "In Every Generation Action Frees
Our Dreams".
2. Paul Wellman's article The Boss
of Carlsbad Caverns Is a Student of Both Nature & Human Nature,
explains how Tom Boles became a "Colonel".
3. Note on WW II.
4. Donald Standiford's 1964 article
entitled History of the Cavern Trail Development.
5. Puzzle Pieces - New Mexico Room &
Mystery Room.
6. Photo:
Mr. Ira Stockwell.
7. CCC History, 1938-1942: Listing of typical CCC jobs and a map of the
Rattlesnake Springs CCC Camp.
Page 29
8. Article - A Brief History of the
Civilian Conservation Corps & Their Local Impact, by Dave Hutson. Also, see History Leads & Resources 1992,
92.02 for info on buildings built here by CCC.
9. Discussion on Interpretation.
10. March 24, 1994, SCA Carri Regan and
Historian Bob Hoff interviewed Ben Gilmore of Guadalupe Mountain National Park,
who knew Jim White.
PAGES 30-38 --ATTACHMENTS FOR 94.04
2. Profile of 4 former employees: 1. Horace "Harry" Morelli,
1956. 2. Gary Mattlock, 1966. 3. Donald R. Standiford, 1963. and 4. James K. Baker, 1961.
3. Discussion - Work Projects
Administration (WPA), published a New Mexico Guide in 1940. CCNP was included.
PAGES 41-45 --ATTACHMENTS FOR 94.05
94.06 Page 46
Page 47
2. Photos: Two 1940's Rock of Ages
Ceremony photos from White City Daily newspaper.
3. Rock of Ages Graduation Ceremony for
the First class of "Bombardiers" from Army Air Force Advanced Flying
School at Carlsbad.
4. Madge Bryan and the Nurse Guides, photo
included.
5. Photo of Crystal Springs and visitors.
6. Photo of King's Palace.
7. Article written by Tom Boles.
8. Another Leslie Help, I'm Falling
in the Elevator Shaft Thompson story.
9. An April 1950, copy of the "White
City Daily News" was donated by Mr. Herman Nusbaum.
10. Article - December 1961, "Caverns
Calm Unbroken by Project Gnome (underground atomic device)".
11. Dale Carnegie on interpretation.
12. Photo of Mrs. James Larkin White.
13. Photo:
Jim White, Jr. with bat.
14. 5 Photos:
1. Dave McCollaum. 2. Willis T.
Lee and Elizabeth. 3. Devil's Den. 4. Elizabeth Lee. 5. Who are these kids?
PAGES 50-65 --ATTACHMENTS FOR 94.06
94.07 Page 66
1. Some explosive news from the Dept. of
Air Force/Air Force Historical Research Agency.
Several interesting attachments.
Page 67
2. Discussion - Attorney Richard F.
Burges' efforts to promote tourism of Caverns and his idea for accessibility
and tunnels.
3. Historical figure: New Mexico Deputy Sheriff, Elfego Baca
(1865-1945).
4. Visitor letter: July 20, 1989--"The Curse of the Stolen
Limestone".
5. Partial list of famous visitors.
6. Book Review: Dale Carnegie, How to Develop Self-Confidence
& Influence People by Public Speaking.
7. Quiz:
What is the name of the first National Monument and what state is it in?
PAGES 69-81 --ATTACHMENTS FOR 94.07
94.08 Page 82
2. Audio cassette tape "M" is a
re-enactment of Tom Boles doing a Rock of Ages Ceremony.
1. Interview: Ranger Ray Hardwick, CCNP employee form
1961-1984.
2. Quiz:
Who said it? "Working with
guano can't be classified as a glorious occupation."
3. Former CCNP employee, Andrew Mullen
answers oral history questionnaire.
4. Robert E. Houff worked here in 1970 and
answered the oral history questionnaire.
5. Ethnic question raised by Baltimore, MD
students.
6. In 1972, CCGMA grossed $26,000.
7. Slaughter Canyon Cave tours began on
September 27, 1973.
8. Book Review: One Man's Dream, by Ruth Caier.
PAGES 88-91 --ATTACHMENTS FOR 94.09
94.10 Page 92
1. December 1944, Staff Meeting Minutes
dealt with guides handling misbehaving visitors. All rangers were commissioned as a Deputy
Sheriff for Eddy County but lady guides were not to ace as a police officer.
2. The Christmas issue of Rand McNally's
list of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, 1944.
3. "Chief", a park horse, was
found outside the park boundaries after having been missed for 10 days.
4. On March 14, 1945, two FBI agents who
were in search of 4 German prisoners of war.
Were not allowed complimentary passes because there was no one in
authority around.
5. December 1946, Park Naturalist, Bennet
T. Gale reported that algae was forming in the King's Palace due to the lights
burning longer.
6. Big Room Wheelchair in deplorable
condition.
7. August 1946 - visitor, Mrs. Hurlbutt
complained about cigarette smoke on the underground tours. The only non-smoking policy was issued on
July 8, 1940 and concern employees only.
8. September 1946, repairs to Walnut
Canyon Road require a bulldozer.
9. March 1945, Mrs. Boles while visiting a
neighbor's house slipped and sprained her ankle.
Page 94
10. March 1945, Naturalist Alberts reported
the first visitor complain against a guide in a year.
11. May 1945, U.S. Army Health Officers
condemned the Carlsbad Municipal Bathing Beach.
12. Boles generosity was abused in June 1945
by Roy Jacobs who was hauling 300 gallons of water per day to White City.
13. In a visit by Regional Director
Tillotson, it was discovered that some visitors waited as long as 30 minutes
for the elevator.
14. August 1945, mimeographed tour schedules
were distributed at White City and two Carlsbad motels.
15. The WW II gas ration was lifted on August
18, 1945. The Staff Meeting Minutes
reflected an increase of visitation at 70 and 80%.
Page 95
17. Article - "A Geologic Walking Tour
of Carlsbad Caverns" by Carol Hill.
18. Banded bat is retrieved in Atengo,
Jalisco, Mexico.
19. Book Review: 40 Miles a Day on Beans and Hay by Don
Rickey.
94.11 Page 96
2. Dr. Thomas Murnane remembers the bat
rabies problem.
Page 97
3. Two major research guides: 1. dBase listing of parks vertical
files. 2. Mr. Crisman's files.
4. 1939 Report: Geological Report on Rock Slides in Carlsbad
Caverns.
5. Notes on Ranger Chris Niewold.
6. 1943 area map from Carlsbad to
McKittrick Canyon.
7. Unconventional sign: "Don't pick the flowers", April
1946 by Chief Ranger Tex Worley.
8. Civil Defense initiatives 1946 and
1963.
9. On May 24, 1946, the Bat Flight Program
was cancelled for Tom Boles going away party.
PAGES 99-106 --ATTACHMENTS FOR 94.11
94.12 Page 107
1. Cacti quote about beauty and treachery.
2. Near the park camping.
3. Article - "Carlsbad Cavern"
by Mr. Carl C. Magee, 1927.
4. Excerpts from Dana Lee's 1924 Diary.
Page 109
5. Excerpts from "Radio Talk on
Science"by Willis T. Lee, August 1925.
6. Excerpt from "The Eighth
Wonder" by Carl Livingston.
PAGES 111-124 --ATTACHMENTS FOR
94.12
94.13 Page 125
1. Free admission on August 25, 1994 to
celebrate the establishment of the National Park Service on August 25, 1916.
2. Book Review: The Birth of the National Park Service: The Founding Years, 1913-1933, by Horace
Albright.
SPECIAL TOPIC
August 31, 1994,
interview with Mr. Jim White, Jr.
94.15 Page 136
1. Superintendent Tom Boles was farsighted
in cave protection.
2. Dale Smith's grandmother knew Jim
White.
3. An Explosive issue: The mixture of sulphur with bat guano could
be used to create explosives.
4. Altha Driver Dunwoody: One of the first women in the Caverns?
5. Carlsbad Bat Guano shipped to places
other than California.
Page 138
6. Granddaughter of Dave Mitchell plans to
donate photos of Mitchell and Jim White, who were friends and guano mining
partners.
7. Photo:
Jim White, Jr. and Elizabeth Lee.
8. Where is she now? Mrs. Fanny Hill White Barron.
9. Dr. Harrison Schmitt, geologist,
moon-walking astronaut and former U.S. Senator of New Mexico, turns author and
writes as article on Lechuguilla Cave entitled "Gift of the Reef".
PAGES 139-145 --ATTACHMENTS FOR
94.15
94.16 Page 146
1. The Dog Canyon History Tour.
2. Welcome VIP Cheryl Munyan.
3. National Park Service Thematic
Framework for History Revised. Eight
notable categories.
PAGES 148-155 --ATTACHMENTS FOR
94.16
94.17 Page 159
2. Interview with Mr. Jack Rupe: Details of trail employee fatally injured in
March, 1951.
3. Place names: Frustrated Lovers/Eternal Kiss.
PAGES 161-163 --ATTACHMENTS FOR
94.17
2. Lower Cave Lowdown.
3. Research made easier: Superintendent Monthly Reports and Log are
being copied and spiral bound. These
reference materials will be added to the VC Library.
4. When were the guano mining buildings
removed?
5. Discussion: How do we know the truth of what we learn in
oral histories and informal conversations.
6. Late-breaking History Capsule Arrives.
PAGES 168-169 --ATTACHMENTS FOR
94.18
94.19 Page 170
Bob Hoff
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